Human vs Tuatara LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus, ASM311381v1) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 95. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanTuatara
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options{default_soft_masking => 1}{default_soft_masking => 1}

Statistics over 320,890 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 3,001,759,865 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 94,889,861 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 7,540,378 out of 35,570,071
Matches: 20,688,589 out of 35,570,071
Mismatches: 6,957,631 out of 35,570,071
Insertions: 383,473 out of 35,570,071
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 73.8%

Tuatara

Uncovered: 4,192,910,875 out of 4,272,214,985
Covered: 79,304,110 out of 4,272,214,985

Uncovered: 4,909,847 out of 25,347,208
Matches: 15,372,521 out of 25,347,208
Mismatches: 4,818,832 out of 25,347,208
Insertions: 246,008 out of 25,347,208
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 75.2%

Block size distribution

Size range All 320,890 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
865
4.1 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
37,717
2.8 Mb
14,134
1.1 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
270,443
77.4 Mb
137,516
47.4 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
11,860
19.0 Mb
18,369
39.9 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
4
91.6 kb
424
9.2 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
1
100.2 kb
14
1.8 Mb