Human vs Elephant LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Elephant (Loxodonta africana, loxAfr3) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 76. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanElephant
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options{default_soft_masking => 1}

Statistics over 2,257,367 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,729,931,719 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 1,366,718,007 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 1,386,141 out of 35,228,305
Matches: 29,256,593 out of 35,228,305
Mismatches: 4,322,409 out of 35,228,305
Insertions: 263,162 out of 35,228,305
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.5%

Elephant

Uncovered: 1,892,359,647 out of 3,196,760,833
Covered: 1,304,401,186 out of 3,196,760,833

Uncovered: 2,541,708 out of 31,407,754
Matches: 25,373,344 out of 31,407,754
Mismatches: 3,348,733 out of 31,407,754
Insertions: 143,969 out of 31,407,754
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 87.9%

Block size distribution

Size range All 2,257,367 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
57,852
374.9 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
231,021
12.9 Mb
18,242
1.3 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,522,106
667.7 Mb
61,754
22.0 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
446,073
763.8 Mb
17,716
42.3 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
315
4.1 Mb
1,463
33.9 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
166
57.4 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
123
483.5 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
39
808.5 Mb