Human vs Arabian camel LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius, CamDro2) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 99. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanArabian camel
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options{default_soft_masking => 1}{default_soft_masking => 1}

Statistics over 1,885,784 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,553,170,566 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 1,543,479,160 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 813,206 out of 35,602,741
Matches: 30,241,115 out of 35,602,741
Mismatches: 4,253,129 out of 35,602,741
Insertions: 295,291 out of 35,602,741
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.9%

Arabian camel

Uncovered: 710,854,631 out of 2,154,386,959
Covered: 1,443,532,328 out of 2,154,386,959

Uncovered: 1,056,089 out of 32,075,927
Matches: 27,277,129 out of 32,075,927
Mismatches: 3,596,710 out of 32,075,927
Insertions: 145,999 out of 32,075,927
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 87.9%

Block size distribution

Size range All 1,885,784 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
63,542
432.6 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
241,713
11.2 Mb
18,447
1.3 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,011,095
463.9 Mb
61,577
22.4 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
567,786
1.2 Gb
21,087
54.2 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
1,632
22.8 Mb
2,224
59.5 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
16
2.0 Mb
259
66.8 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
74
254.7 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
44
1.2 Gb