Human vs Sperm whale LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Sperm whale (Physeter catodon, ASM283717v2) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 99. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanSperm whale
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options{default_soft_masking => 1}{default_soft_masking => 1}

Statistics over 2,009,628 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,510,805,167 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 1,585,844,559 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 1,071,874 out of 35,602,741
Matches: 30,088,374 out of 35,602,741
Mismatches: 4,161,908 out of 35,602,741
Insertions: 280,585 out of 35,602,741
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 87.1%

Sperm whale

Uncovered: 1,021,404,922 out of 2,512,132,974
Covered: 1,490,728,052 out of 2,512,132,974

Uncovered: 1,238,868 out of 30,899,790
Matches: 26,360,040 out of 30,899,790
Mismatches: 3,175,243 out of 30,899,790
Insertions: 125,639 out of 30,899,790
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 88.9%

Block size distribution

Size range All 2,009,628 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
68,561
462.5 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
242,911
11.4 Mb
18,853
1.3 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,137,568
520.8 Mb
57,828
20.7 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
559,637
1.1 Gb
18,679
46.6 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
942
13.2 Mb
3,616
109.0 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
9
1.1 Mb
344
79.7 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
72
271.2 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
37
1.1 Gb