Human vs Beluga whale LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas, ASM228892v3) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 100. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanBeluga whale
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options

Statistics over 2,094,059 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,514,815,665 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 1,581,834,061 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 953,706 out of 35,610,692
Matches: 30,078,122 out of 35,610,692
Mismatches: 4,288,821 out of 35,610,692
Insertions: 290,043 out of 35,610,692
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.8%

Beluga whale

Uncovered: 844,473,833 out of 2,362,774,659
Covered: 1,518,300,826 out of 2,362,774,659

Uncovered: 380,709 out of 31,519,471
Matches: 27,507,677 out of 31,519,471
Mismatches: 3,449,286 out of 31,519,471
Insertions: 181,799 out of 31,519,471
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 88.3%

Block size distribution

Size range All 2,094,059 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
70,929
477.9 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
265,149
12.8 Mb
26,943
1.8 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,193,216
537.3 Mb
87,792
31.9 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
563,414
1.1 Gb
26,548
65.2 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
1,341
20.5 Mb
2,208
51.9 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
10
1.1 Mb
174
55.1 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
121
475.6 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
49
1.0 Gb