Human vs Sumatran orangutan LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii, Susie_PABv2) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 105. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)5000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)5000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)3000
Masking count (M)10
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)$ENSEMBL_ROOT_DIR/ensembl-compara/scripts/pipeline/primate.matrix

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanSumatran orangutan
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options

Statistics over 323,714 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 337,405,449 out of 3,096,649,726
Covered: 2,759,244,277 out of 3,096,649,726

Uncovered: 173,490 out of 35,703,020
Matches: 34,709,747 out of 35,703,020
Mismatches: 781,163 out of 35,703,020
Insertions: 38,620 out of 35,703,020
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 97.7%

Sumatran orangutan

Uncovered: 396,170,640 out of 3,065,052,215
Covered: 2,668,881,575 out of 3,065,052,215

Uncovered: 489,991 out of 34,106,545
Matches: 32,815,552 out of 34,106,545
Mismatches: 777,689 out of 34,106,545
Insertions: 23,313 out of 34,106,545
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 97.6%

Block size distribution

Size range All 323,714 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
3,846
21.0 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
28,793
1.4 Mb
9,099
513.4 kb
100 bp - 1 kb
60,774
25.4 Mb
17,084
5.4 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
133,540
599.8 Mb
5,075
16.7 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
96,378
2.3 Gb
2,280
74.6 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
383
45.7 Mb
554
121.8 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
44
124.2 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
28
1.4 Gb
100 Mb - 1 Gb
8
1.2 Gb