Human vs Cow LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Cow (Bos taurus, ARS-UCD1.3) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 111. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Masking count (M)
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanCow
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size010,100,000
Masking options

Statistics over 2,346,010 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,676,050,224 out of 3,099,750,718
Covered: 1,423,700,494 out of 3,099,750,718

Uncovered: 1,024,888 out of 35,869,223
Matches: 30,008,348 out of 35,869,223
Mismatches: 4,521,249 out of 35,869,223
Insertions: 314,738 out of 35,869,223
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.1%

Cow

Uncovered: 1,371,251,646 out of 2,711,209,831
Covered: 1,339,958,185 out of 2,711,209,831

Uncovered: 4,244,132 out of 37,648,360
Matches: 28,833,208 out of 37,648,360
Mismatches: 4,336,065 out of 37,648,360
Insertions: 234,955 out of 37,648,360
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.3%

Block size distribution

Size range All 2,346,010 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
83,948
561.3 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
264,660
12.5 Mb
15,449
1.1 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,503,081
675.9 Mb
55,874
20.3 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
493,611
879.4 Mb
18,981
48.5 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
703
10.6 Mb
1,995
56.1 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
7
847.9 kb
293
77.9 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
95
342.8 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
49
1.0 Gb